# Copyright 2018 Google Inc.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.

"""Google Cloud Impersonated credentials.

This module provides authentication for applications where local credentials
impersonates a remote service account using `IAM Credentials API`_.

This class can be used to impersonate a service account as long as the original
Credential object has the "Service Account Token Creator" role on the target
service account.

    .. _IAM Credentials API:
        https://cloud.google.com/iam/credentials/reference/rest/
"""

import base64
import copy
from datetime import datetime
import http.client as http_client
import json

from google.auth import _exponential_backoff
from google.auth import _helpers
from google.auth import credentials
from google.auth import exceptions
from google.auth import iam
from google.auth import jwt
from google.auth import metrics
from google.oauth2 import _client


_REFRESH_ERROR = "Unable to acquire impersonated credentials"

_DEFAULT_TOKEN_LIFETIME_SECS = 3600  # 1 hour in seconds

_GOOGLE_OAUTH2_TOKEN_ENDPOINT = "https://oauth2.googleapis.com/token"
_TRUST_BOUNDARY_LOOKUP_ENDPOINT = (
    "https://iamcredentials.{}/v1/projects/-/serviceAccounts/{}/allowedLocations"
)

_SOURCE_CREDENTIAL_AUTHORIZED_USER_TYPE = "authorized_user"
_SOURCE_CREDENTIAL_SERVICE_ACCOUNT_TYPE = "service_account"
_SOURCE_CREDENTIAL_EXTERNAL_ACCOUNT_AUTHORIZED_USER_TYPE = (
    "external_account_authorized_user"
)


def _make_iam_token_request(
    request,
    principal,
    headers,
    body,
    universe_domain=credentials.DEFAULT_UNIVERSE_DOMAIN,
    iam_endpoint_override=None,
):
    """Makes a request to the Google Cloud IAM service for an access token.
    Args:
        request (Request): The Request object to use.
        principal (str): The principal to request an access token for.
        headers (Mapping[str, str]): Map of headers to transmit.
        body (Mapping[str, str]): JSON Payload body for the iamcredentials
            API call.
        iam_endpoint_override (Optiona[str]): The full IAM endpoint override
            with the target_principal embedded. This is useful when supporting
            impersonation with regional endpoints.

    Raises:
        google.auth.exceptions.TransportError: Raised if there is an underlying
            HTTP connection error
        google.auth.exceptions.RefreshError: Raised if the impersonated
            credentials are not available.  Common reasons are
            `iamcredentials.googleapis.com` is not enabled or the
            `Service Account Token Creator` is not assigned
    """
    iam_endpoint = iam_endpoint_override or iam._IAM_ENDPOINT.replace(
        credentials.DEFAULT_UNIVERSE_DOMAIN, universe_domain
    ).format(principal)

    body = json.dumps(body).encode("utf-8")

    response = request(url=iam_endpoint, method="POST", headers=headers, body=body)

    # support both string and bytes type response.data
    response_body = (
        response.data.decode("utf-8")
        if hasattr(response.data, "decode")
        else response.data
    )

    if response.status != http_client.OK:
        raise exceptions.RefreshError(_REFRESH_ERROR, response_body)

    try:
        token_response = json.loads(response_body)
        token = token_response["accessToken"]
        expiry = datetime.strptime(token_response["expireTime"], "%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ")

        return token, expiry

    except (KeyError, ValueError) as caught_exc:
        new_exc = exceptions.RefreshError(
            "{}: No access token or invalid expiration in response.".format(
                _REFRESH_ERROR
            ),
            response_body,
        )
        raise new_exc from caught_exc


class Credentials(
    credentials.Scoped,
    credentials.CredentialsWithQuotaProject,
    credentials.Signing,
    credentials.CredentialsWithTrustBoundary,
):
    """This module defines impersonated credentials which are essentially
    impersonated identities.

    Impersonated Credentials allows credentials issued to a user or
    service account to impersonate another. The target service account must
    grant the originating credential principal the
    `Service Account Token Creator`_ IAM role:

    For more information about Token Creator IAM role and
    IAMCredentials API, see
    `Creating Short-Lived Service Account Credentials`_.

    .. _Service Account Token Creator:
        https://cloud.google.com/iam/docs/service-accounts#the_service_account_token_creator_role

    .. _Creating Short-Lived Service Account Credentials:
        https://cloud.google.com/iam/docs/creating-short-lived-service-account-credentials

    Usage:

    First grant source_credentials the `Service Account Token Creator`
    role on the target account to impersonate.   In this example, the
    service account represented by svc_account.json has the
    token creator role on
    `impersonated-account@_project_.iam.gserviceaccount.com`.

    Enable the IAMCredentials API on the source project:
    `gcloud services enable iamcredentials.googleapis.com`.

    Initialize a source credential which does not have access to
    list bucket::

        from google.oauth2 import service_account

        target_scopes = [
            'https://www.googleapis.com/auth/devstorage.read_only']

        source_credentials = (
            service_account.Credentials.from_service_account_file(
                '/path/to/svc_account.json',
                scopes=target_scopes))

    Now use the source credentials to acquire credentials to impersonate
    another service account::

        from google.auth import impersonated_credentials

        target_credentials = impersonated_credentials.Credentials(
          source_credentials=source_credentials,
          target_principal='impersonated-account@_project_.iam.gserviceaccount.com',
          target_scopes = target_scopes,
          lifetime=500)

    Resource access is granted::

        client = storage.Client(credentials=target_credentials)
        buckets = client.list_buckets(project='your_project')
        for bucket in buckets:
          print(bucket.name)

    **IMPORTANT**:
    This class does not validate the credential configuration. A security
    risk occurs when a credential configuration configured with malicious urls
    is used.
    When the credential configuration is accepted from an
    untrusted source, you should validate it before using.
    Refer https://cloud.google.com/docs/authentication/external/externally-sourced-credentials for more details.
    """

    def __init__(
        self,
        source_credentials,
        target_principal,
        target_scopes,
        delegates=None,
        subject=None,
        lifetime=_DEFAULT_TOKEN_LIFETIME_SECS,
        quota_project_id=None,
        iam_endpoint_override=None,
        trust_boundary=None,
    ):
        """
        Args:
            source_credentials (google.auth.Credentials): The source credential
                used as to acquire the impersonated credentials.
            target_principal (str): The service account to impersonate.
            target_scopes (Sequence[str]): Scopes to request during the
                authorization grant.
            delegates (Sequence[str]): The chained list of delegates required
                to grant the final access_token.  If set, the sequence of
                identities must have "Service Account Token Creator" capability
                granted to the prceeding identity.  For example, if set to
                [serviceAccountB, serviceAccountC], the source_credential
                must have the Token Creator role on serviceAccountB.
                serviceAccountB must have the Token Creator on
                serviceAccountC.
                Finally, C must have Token Creator on target_principal.
                If left unset, source_credential must have that role on
                target_principal.
            lifetime (int): Number of seconds the delegated credential should
                be valid for (upto 3600).
            quota_project_id (Optional[str]): The project ID used for quota and billing.
                This project may be different from the project used to
                create the credentials.
            iam_endpoint_override (Optional[str]): The full IAM endpoint override
                with the target_principal embedded. This is useful when supporting
                impersonation with regional endpoints.
            subject (Optional[str]): sub field of a JWT. This field should only be set
                if you wish to impersonate as a user. This feature is useful when
                using domain wide delegation.
            trust_boundary (Mapping[str,str]): A credential trust boundary.
        """

        super(Credentials, self).__init__()

        self._source_credentials = copy.copy(source_credentials)
        # Service account source credentials must have the _IAM_SCOPE
        # added to refresh correctly. User credentials cannot have
        # their original scopes modified.
        if isinstance(self._source_credentials, credentials.Scoped):
            self._source_credentials = self._source_credentials.with_scopes(
                iam._IAM_SCOPE
            )
            # If the source credential is service account and self signed jwt
            # is needed, we need to create a jwt credential inside it
            if (
                hasattr(self._source_credentials, "_create_self_signed_jwt")
                and self._source_credentials._always_use_jwt_access
            ):
                self._source_credentials._create_self_signed_jwt(None)

        self._universe_domain = source_credentials.universe_domain
        self._target_principal = target_principal
        self._target_scopes = target_scopes
        self._delegates = delegates
        self._subject = subject
        self._lifetime = lifetime or _DEFAULT_TOKEN_LIFETIME_SECS
        self.token = None
        self.expiry = _helpers.utcnow()
        self._quota_project_id = quota_project_id
        self._iam_endpoint_override = iam_endpoint_override
        self._cred_file_path = None
        self._trust_boundary = trust_boundary

    def _metric_header_for_usage(self):
        return metrics.CRED_TYPE_SA_IMPERSONATE

    def _perform_refresh_token(self, request):
        """Updates credentials with a new access_token representing
        the impersonated account.

        Args:
            request (google.auth.transport.requests.Request): Request object
                to use for refreshing credentials.
        """

        # Refresh our source credentials if it is not valid.
        if (
            self._source_credentials.token_state == credentials.TokenState.STALE
            or self._source_credentials.token_state == credentials.TokenState.INVALID
        ):
            self._source_credentials.refresh(request)

        body = {
            "delegates": self._delegates,
            "scope": self._target_scopes,
            "lifetime": str(self._lifetime) + "s",
        }

        headers = {
            "Content-Type": "application/json",
            metrics.API_CLIENT_HEADER: metrics.token_request_access_token_impersonate(),
        }

        # Apply the source credentials authentication info.
        self._source_credentials.apply(headers)

        #  If a subject is specified a domain-wide delegation auth-flow is initiated
        #  to impersonate as the provided subject (user).
        if self._subject:
            if self.universe_domain != credentials.DEFAULT_UNIVERSE_DOMAIN:
                raise exceptions.GoogleAuthError(
                    "Domain-wide delegation is not supported in universes other "
                    + "than googleapis.com"
                )

            now = _helpers.utcnow()
            payload = {
                "iss": self._target_principal,
                "scope": _helpers.scopes_to_string(self._target_scopes or ()),
                "sub": self._subject,
                "aud": _GOOGLE_OAUTH2_TOKEN_ENDPOINT,
                "iat": _helpers.datetime_to_secs(now),
                "exp": _helpers.datetime_to_secs(now) + _DEFAULT_TOKEN_LIFETIME_SECS,
            }

            assertion = _sign_jwt_request(
                request=request,
                principal=self._target_principal,
                headers=headers,
                payload=payload,
                delegates=self._delegates,
            )

            self.token, self.expiry, _ = _client.jwt_grant(
                request, _GOOGLE_OAUTH2_TOKEN_ENDPOINT, assertion
            )

            return

        self.token, self.expiry = _make_iam_token_request(
            request=request,
            principal=self._target_principal,
            headers=headers,
            body=body,
            universe_domain=self.universe_domain,
            iam_endpoint_override=self._iam_endpoint_override,
        )

    def _build_trust_boundary_lookup_url(self):
        """Builds and returns the URL for the trust boundary lookup API.

        This method constructs the specific URL for the IAM Credentials API's
        `allowedLocations` endpoint, using the credential's universe domain
        and service account email.

        Raises:
            ValueError: If `self.service_account_email` is None or an empty
                string, as it's required to form the URL.

        Returns:
            str: The URL for the trust boundary lookup endpoint.
        """
        if not self.service_account_email:
            raise ValueError(
                "Service account email is required to build the trust boundary lookup URL."
            )
        return _TRUST_BOUNDARY_LOOKUP_ENDPOINT.format(
            self.universe_domain, self.service_account_email
        )

    def sign_bytes(self, message):
        from google.auth.transport.requests import AuthorizedSession

        iam_sign_endpoint = iam._IAM_SIGN_ENDPOINT.replace(
            credentials.DEFAULT_UNIVERSE_DOMAIN, self.universe_domain
        ).format(self._target_principal)

        body = {
            "payload": base64.b64encode(message).decode("utf-8"),
            "delegates": self._delegates,
        }

        headers = {"Content-Type": "application/json"}

        authed_session = AuthorizedSession(self._source_credentials)

        try:
            retries = _exponential_backoff.ExponentialBackoff()
            for _ in retries:
                response = authed_session.post(
                    url=iam_sign_endpoint, headers=headers, json=body
                )
                if response.status_code in iam.IAM_RETRY_CODES:
                    continue
                if response.status_code != http_client.OK:
                    raise exceptions.TransportError(
                        "Error calling sign_bytes: {}".format(response.json())
                    )

                return base64.b64decode(response.json()["signedBlob"])
        finally:
            authed_session.close()
        raise exceptions.TransportError("exhausted signBlob endpoint retries")

    @property
    def signer_email(self):
        return self._target_principal

    @property
    def service_account_email(self):
        return self._target_principal

    @property
    def signer(self):
        return self

    @property
    def requires_scopes(self):
        return not self._target_scopes

    @_helpers.copy_docstring(credentials.Credentials)
    def get_cred_info(self):
        if self._cred_file_path:
            return {
                "credential_source": self._cred_file_path,
                "credential_type": "impersonated credentials",
                "principal": self._target_principal,
            }
        return None

    def _make_copy(self):
        cred = self.__class__(
            self._source_credentials,
            target_principal=self._target_principal,
            target_scopes=self._target_scopes,
            delegates=self._delegates,
            lifetime=self._lifetime,
            quota_project_id=self._quota_project_id,
            iam_endpoint_override=self._iam_endpoint_override,
            trust_boundary=self._trust_boundary,
        )
        cred._cred_file_path = self._cred_file_path
        return cred

    @_helpers.copy_docstring(credentials.CredentialsWithTrustBoundary)
    def with_trust_boundary(self, trust_boundary):
        cred = self._make_copy()
        cred._trust_boundary = trust_boundary
        return cred

    @_helpers.copy_docstring(credentials.CredentialsWithQuotaProject)
    def with_quota_project(self, quota_project_id):
        cred = self._make_copy()
        cred._quota_project_id = quota_project_id
        return cred

    @_helpers.copy_docstring(credentials.Scoped)
    def with_scopes(self, scopes, default_scopes=None):
        cred = self._make_copy()
        cred._target_scopes = scopes or default_scopes
        return cred

    @classmethod
    def from_impersonated_service_account_info(cls, info, scopes=None):
        """Creates a Credentials instance from parsed impersonated service account credentials info.

        **IMPORTANT**:
        This method does not validate the credential configuration. A security
        risk occurs when a credential configuration configured with malicious urls
        is used.
        When the credential configuration is accepted from an
        untrusted source, you should validate it before using with this method.
        Refer https://cloud.google.com/docs/authentication/external/externally-sourced-credentials for more details.

        Args:
            info (Mapping[str, str]): The impersonated service account credentials info in Google
                format.
            scopes (Sequence[str]): Optional list of scopes to include in the
                credentials.

        Returns:
            google.oauth2.credentials.Credentials: The constructed
                credentials.

        Raises:
            InvalidType: If the info["source_credentials"] are not a supported impersonation type
            InvalidValue: If the info["service_account_impersonation_url"] is not in the expected format.
            ValueError: If the info is not in the expected format.
        """

        source_credentials_info = info.get("source_credentials")
        source_credentials_type = source_credentials_info.get("type")
        if source_credentials_type == _SOURCE_CREDENTIAL_AUTHORIZED_USER_TYPE:
            from google.oauth2 import credentials

            source_credentials = credentials.Credentials.from_authorized_user_info(
                source_credentials_info
            )
        elif source_credentials_type == _SOURCE_CREDENTIAL_SERVICE_ACCOUNT_TYPE:
            from google.oauth2 import service_account

            source_credentials = service_account.Credentials.from_service_account_info(
                source_credentials_info
            )
        elif (
            source_credentials_type
            == _SOURCE_CREDENTIAL_EXTERNAL_ACCOUNT_AUTHORIZED_USER_TYPE
        ):
            from google.auth import external_account_authorized_user

            source_credentials = external_account_authorized_user.Credentials.from_info(
                source_credentials_info
            )
        else:
            raise exceptions.InvalidType(
                "source credential of type {} is not supported.".format(
                    source_credentials_type
                )
            )

        impersonation_url = info.get("service_account_impersonation_url")
        start_index = impersonation_url.rfind("/")
        end_index = impersonation_url.find(":generateAccessToken")
        if start_index == -1 or end_index == -1 or start_index > end_index:
            raise exceptions.InvalidValue(
                "Cannot extract target principal from {}".format(impersonation_url)
            )
        target_principal = impersonation_url[start_index + 1 : end_index]
        delegates = info.get("delegates")
        quota_project_id = info.get("quota_project_id")
        scopes = scopes or info.get("scopes")
        trust_boundary = info.get("trust_boundary")

        return cls(
            source_credentials,
            target_principal,
            scopes,
            delegates,
            quota_project_id=quota_project_id,
            trust_boundary=trust_boundary,
        )


class IDTokenCredentials(credentials.CredentialsWithQuotaProject):
    """Open ID Connect ID Token-based service account credentials."""

    def __init__(
        self,
        target_credentials,
        target_audience=None,
        include_email=False,
        quota_project_id=None,
    ):
        """
        Args:
            target_credentials (google.auth.Credentials): The target
                credential used as to acquire the id tokens for.
            target_audience (string): Audience to issue the token for.
            include_email (bool): Include email in IdToken
            quota_project_id (Optional[str]):  The project ID used for
                quota and billing.
        """
        super(IDTokenCredentials, self).__init__()

        if not isinstance(target_credentials, Credentials):
            raise exceptions.GoogleAuthError(
                "Provided Credential must be " "impersonated_credentials"
            )
        self._target_credentials = target_credentials
        self._target_audience = target_audience
        self._include_email = include_email
        self._quota_project_id = quota_project_id

    def from_credentials(self, target_credentials, target_audience=None):
        return self.__class__(
            target_credentials=target_credentials,
            target_audience=target_audience,
            include_email=self._include_email,
            quota_project_id=self._quota_project_id,
        )

    def with_target_audience(self, target_audience):
        return self.__class__(
            target_credentials=self._target_credentials,
            target_audience=target_audience,
            include_email=self._include_email,
            quota_project_id=self._quota_project_id,
        )

    def with_include_email(self, include_email):
        return self.__class__(
            target_credentials=self._target_credentials,
            target_audience=self._target_audience,
            include_email=include_email,
            quota_project_id=self._quota_project_id,
        )

    @_helpers.copy_docstring(credentials.CredentialsWithQuotaProject)
    def with_quota_project(self, quota_project_id):
        return self.__class__(
            target_credentials=self._target_credentials,
            target_audience=self._target_audience,
            include_email=self._include_email,
            quota_project_id=quota_project_id,
        )

    @_helpers.copy_docstring(credentials.Credentials)
    def refresh(self, request):
        from google.auth.transport.requests import AuthorizedSession

        iam_sign_endpoint = iam._IAM_IDTOKEN_ENDPOINT.replace(
            credentials.DEFAULT_UNIVERSE_DOMAIN,
            self._target_credentials.universe_domain,
        ).format(self._target_credentials.signer_email)

        body = {
            "audience": self._target_audience,
            "delegates": self._target_credentials._delegates,
            "includeEmail": self._include_email,
        }

        headers = {
            "Content-Type": "application/json",
            metrics.API_CLIENT_HEADER: metrics.token_request_id_token_impersonate(),
        }

        authed_session = AuthorizedSession(
            self._target_credentials._source_credentials, auth_request=request
        )

        try:
            response = authed_session.post(
                url=iam_sign_endpoint,
                headers=headers,
                data=json.dumps(body).encode("utf-8"),
            )
        finally:
            authed_session.close()

        if response.status_code != http_client.OK:
            raise exceptions.RefreshError(
                "Error getting ID token: {}".format(response.json())
            )

        try:
            id_token = response.json()["token"]
        except (KeyError, ValueError) as caught_exc:
            new_exc = exceptions.RefreshError(
                "No ID token in response.", response.json()
            )
            raise new_exc from caught_exc

        self.token = id_token
        self.expiry = datetime.utcfromtimestamp(
            jwt.decode(id_token, verify=False)["exp"]
        )


def _sign_jwt_request(request, principal, headers, payload, delegates=[]):
    """Makes a request to the Google Cloud IAM service to sign a JWT using a
    service account's system-managed private key.
    Args:
        request (Request): The Request object to use.
        principal (str): The principal to request an access token for.
        headers (Mapping[str, str]): Map of headers to transmit.
        payload (Mapping[str, str]): The JWT payload to sign. Must be a
            serialized JSON object that contains a JWT Claims Set.
        delegates (Sequence[str]): The chained list of delegates required
            to grant the final access_token.  If set, the sequence of
            identities must have "Service Account Token Creator" capability
            granted to the prceeding identity.  For example, if set to
            [serviceAccountB, serviceAccountC], the source_credential
            must have the Token Creator role on serviceAccountB.
            serviceAccountB must have the Token Creator on
            serviceAccountC.
            Finally, C must have Token Creator on target_principal.
            If left unset, source_credential must have that role on
            target_principal.

    Raises:
        google.auth.exceptions.TransportError: Raised if there is an underlying
            HTTP connection error
        google.auth.exceptions.RefreshError: Raised if the impersonated
            credentials are not available.  Common reasons are
            `iamcredentials.googleapis.com` is not enabled or the
            `Service Account Token Creator` is not assigned
    """
    iam_endpoint = iam._IAM_SIGNJWT_ENDPOINT.format(principal)

    body = {"delegates": delegates, "payload": json.dumps(payload)}
    body = json.dumps(body).encode("utf-8")

    response = request(url=iam_endpoint, method="POST", headers=headers, body=body)

    # support both string and bytes type response.data
    response_body = (
        response.data.decode("utf-8")
        if hasattr(response.data, "decode")
        else response.data
    )

    if response.status != http_client.OK:
        raise exceptions.RefreshError(_REFRESH_ERROR, response_body)

    try:
        jwt_response = json.loads(response_body)
        signed_jwt = jwt_response["signedJwt"]
        return signed_jwt

    except (KeyError, ValueError) as caught_exc:
        new_exc = exceptions.RefreshError(
            "{}: No signed JWT in response.".format(_REFRESH_ERROR), response_body
        )
        raise new_exc from caught_exc
